Get Updated Amazon ANS-C01 Exam Questions

QUESTION 1

A company uses a hybrid architecture and has an AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center and AWS. The company has production applications that run in the on-premises data center. The company also has production applications that run in a VPC. The applications that run in the on-premises data center need to communicate with the applications that run in the VPC. The company is using corp.example.com as the domain name for the on-premises resources and is using an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com to host the VPC resources.

The company is using an open-source recursive DNS resolver in a VPC subnet and is using a DNS resolver in the on-premises data center. The company's on-premises DNS resolver has a forwarder that directs requests for the aws.exampte.com domain name to the DNS resolver in the VPC. The DNS resolver in the VPC has a forwarder that directs requests for the corp.example.com domain name to the DNS resolver in the on-premises data center. The company has decided to replace the open-source recursive DNS resolver with Amazon Route 53 Resolver endpoints.

Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to make this replacement? (Select THREE.)

A

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the outbound endpoint.

B

Configure the on-premises DNS resolver to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint.

C

Create a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint and a Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

D

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint.

E

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward corp.example.com domain queries to the IP address of the on-premises DNS resolver.

F

Configure the on-premises DNS resolver to forward aws.example.com queries to the IP addresses of the outbound endpoint.

Correct Option: B,C,E

✅ Option C (Correct) Reasoning: To replace the open-source resolver, both an Inbound Endpoint (for on-premises to AWS DNS queries) and an Outbound Endpoint (for AWS to on-premises DNS queries) are essential components of Route 53 Resolver for hybrid connectivity.

✅ Option B (Correct) Reasoning: On-premises DNS servers must be configured to forward queries for AWS resources (aws.example.com) to the IP addresses of the newly created Route 53 Resolver Inbound Endpoint, allowing resolution via Route 53 private hosted zones.

✅ Option E (Correct) Reasoning: A Route 53 Resolver rule is required within AWS to direct queries for on-premises resources (corp.example.com) to the on-premises DNS resolver's IP address, utilizing the Outbound Endpoint to cross the network boundary.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option A is incorrect: A Resolver rule for aws.example.com pointing to an outbound endpoint makes no sense; aws.example.com is resolved in AWS via the inbound endpoint.
Option D is incorrect: A Resolver rule is typically for queries originating from the VPC and pointing towards another DNS server, not for directing aws.example.com queries to its own inbound endpoint within AWS itself.
Option F is incorrect: On-premises DNS forwards aws.example.com queries to the inbound endpoint, not the outbound endpoint. The outbound endpoint handles traffic from AWS to on-premises.

Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/resolver-forwarding-rules.html

QUESTION 2

A company is building an API-based application on AWS and is using a microservices architecture for the design. The company is using a multi-account AWS environment that includes a separate AWS account for each microservice development team. Each team hosts its microservice in its own VPC that contains Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB).

A network engineer needs to use Amazon API Gateway in a shared services account to create an HTTP API to expose these microservices to external applications. The network engineer must ensure that access to the microservices can occur only over a private network. Additionally, the company must be able to control which entities from its internal network can connect to the microservices. In the future, the company will create more microservices that the company must be able to integrate with the application.

What is the MOST secure solution that meets these requirements?

A

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC in the shared services account. Configure the integration to the API Gateway API by using a VPC link. Associate the VPC link with the ALB. Create a VPC endpoint service in each microservice account. Create an AWS PrivateLink endpoint for those services in the snared services account. Add the elastic network interface IP addresses of the VPC endpoint as targets for the target group of the ALB.

B

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC in the shared services account. Configure the integration to the API Gateway API by using a VPC link. Associate the VPC link with the ALB. Connect all the VPCs to each other by using a central transit gateway. Add the IP addresses of the NLB as IP-based targets in the ALB target group.

C

Configure the integration to the API Gateway API by using HTTP-based integration. Connect all the VPCs to each other by using a central transit gateway. Create a separate HTTP integration to each NLB for each microservice. Add the HTTP endpoint of the NL3 as the endpoint URL in the HTTP integration.

D

Configure the integration to the API Gateway API by using VPC link integration. Connect all the VPCs to each other by using a central transit gateway. Create a separate VPC link to each NLB for each microservice. Add the HTTP endpoint of the NL3 as the endpoint URL in the VPC link integration.

Correct Option: A

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: This solution creates a private path: API Gateway integrates with an ALB via a VPC link. The ALB in the shared services account connects to each microservice's NLB using AWS PrivateLink endpoints. This provides secure, private, cross-account access, scalable integration, and granular control over network traffic.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option B is incorrect: While Transit Gateway connects VPCs, adding NLB IPs as ALB targets across TGW is less secure, manageable, and scalable for this scenario than PrivateLink. PrivateLink provides explicit service exposure and consumption.
Option C is incorrect: HTTP-based integration without a VPC Link generally implies public access, violating the "private network only" requirement. API Gateway needs a VPC Link for secure private integration across VPCs.
Option D is incorrect: Creating a separate VPC Link for each microservice is inefficient and not how VPC Links are designed for this scale. A VPC Link targets ALBs/NLBs by ARN, not HTTP endpoints, and typically targets an ALB that then routes internally.

QUESTION 3

A company is planning to create a service that requires encryption in transit. The traffic must not be decrypted between the client and the backend of the service. The company will implement the service by using the gRPC protocol over TCP port 443. The service will scale up to thousands of simultaneous connections. The backend of the service will be hosted on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) duster with the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler and the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler configured. The company needs to use mutual TLS for two-way authentication between the client and the backend.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Install the AWS Load Balancer Controller for Kubernetes. Using that controller, configure a Network Load Balancer with a TCP listener on port 443 to forward traffic to the IP addresses of the backend service Pods.

B

Install the AWS Load Balancer Controller for Kubernetes. Using that controller, configure an Application Load Balancer with an HTTPS listener on port 443 to forward traffic to the IP addresses of the backend service Pods.

C

Create a target group. Add the EKS managed node group's Auto Scaling group as a target Create an Application Load Balancer with an HTTPS listener on port 443 to forward traffic to the target group.

D

Create a target group. Add the EKS managed node group’s Auto Scaling group as a target. Create a Network Load Balancer with a TLS listener on port 443 to forward traffic to the target group.

Correct Option: A

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: A Network Load Balancer (NLB) with a TCP listener on port 443 provides Layer 4 passthrough, forwarding encrypted gRPC traffic directly to the backend Pods without decryption. This ensures end-to-end encryption and allows mutual TLS to be handled by the backend service. The AWS Load Balancer Controller correctly targets EKS Pod IPs.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option B is incorrect: An Application Load Balancer (ALB) with an HTTPS listener terminates TLS at the ALB, violating the requirement that traffic must not be decrypted between the client and the backend.
Option C is incorrect: An ALB terminates TLS (violating the decryption rule) and targets EKS node Auto Scaling groups, which is not the optimal method for directly targeting Pods in EKS via the controller.
Option D is incorrect: An NLB with a TLS listener terminates TLS at the load balancer, violating the requirement that traffic must not be decrypted between the client and the backend. Targeting EKS nodes' Auto Scaling groups is also suboptimal.

Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/network/listeners-tlstermination.html

QUESTION 4

A company has developed an application on AWS that will track inventory levels of vending machines and initiate the restocking process automatically. The company plans to integrate this application with vending machines and deploy the vending machines in several markets around the world. The application resides in a VPC in the us-east-1 Region. The application consists of an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The communication from the vending machines to the application happens over HTTPS.

The company is planning to use an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator and configure static IP addresses of the accelerator in the vending machines for application endpoint access. The application must be accessible only through the accelerator and not through a direct connection over the internet to the ALB endpoint.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Attach an internet gateway without adding routes in the subnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB’s security group to only allow inbound traffic from the internet on the ALB listener port.

B

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the internet on the ALB listener port.

C

Configure the ALB in a public subnet of the VP Attach an internet gateway. Add routes in the subnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the accelerator's IP addresses on the ALB listener port.

D

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Attach an internet gateway. Add routes in the subnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the accelerator's IP addresses on the ALB listener port.

Correct Option: A

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: Placing the ALB in a private subnet, without specific routes to an Internet Gateway from that subnet, prevents direct internet access. Global Accelerator then uses internal AWS routing to reach the private ALB. Allowing 0.0.0.0/0 in the security group is acceptable because the subnet's routing prevents arbitrary internet access, ensuring only Global Accelerator traffic reaches the ALB.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option B is incorrect: While it correctly places the ALB in a private subnet, it omits mentioning the necessary Internet Gateway (even if no specific routes are added from the ALB's subnet). An IGW is still required for the VPC to interface with Global Accelerator.
Option C is incorrect: Configuring the ALB in a public subnet directly exposes it to the internet, violating the requirement that the application should not be accessible via a direct internet connection.
Option D is incorrect: Adding routes in the private subnet's route table to point to the Internet Gateway effectively makes the ALB directly internet-routable, failing the requirement to prevent direct internet access.

QUESTION 5

A company uses a 4 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection with a link aggregation group (LAG) bundle to connect to five VPCs that are deployed in the us-east-1 Region. Each VPC serves a different business unit and uses its own private VIF for connectivity to the on-premises environment. Users are reporting slowness when they access resources that are hosted on AWS.

A network engineer finds that there are sudden increases in throughput and that the Direct Connect connection becomes saturated at the same time for about an hour each business day. The company wants to know which business unit is causing the sudden increase in throughput. The network engineer must find out this information and implement a solution to resolve the problem.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Review the Amazon CloudWatch metrics for VirtualInterfaceBpsEgress and VirtualInterfaceBpsIngress to determine which VIF is sending the highest throughput during the period in which slowness is observed. Create a new 10 Gbps dedicated connection. Shift traffic from the existing dedicated connection to the new dedicated connection.

B

Review the Amazon CloudWatch metrics for VirtualInterfaceBpsEgress and VirtualInterfaceBpsIngress to determine which VIF is sending the highest throughput during the period in which slowness is observed. Upgrade the bandwidth of the existing dedicated connection to 10 Gbps.

C

Review the Amazon CloudWatch metrics for ConnectionBpsIngress and ConnectionPpsEgress to determine which VIF is sending the highest throughput during the period in which slowness is observed. Upgrade the existing dedicated connection to a 5 Gbps hosted connection.

D

Review the Amazon CloudWatch metrics for ConnectionBpsIngress and ConnectionPpsEgress to determine which VIF is sending the highest throughput during the period in which slowness is observed. Create a new 10 Gbps dedicated connection. Shift traffic from the existing dedicated connection to the new dedicated connection.

Correct Option: A

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: VirtualInterfaceBpsEgress and VirtualInterfaceBpsIngress are the correct CloudWatch metrics to monitor individual VIF throughput, precisely identifying which business unit saturates the connection. Creating a new 10 Gbps dedicated connection effectively addresses the bandwidth constraint, allowing a phased traffic migration to minimize disruption and resolve the slowness.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option B is incorrect: While identification metrics are correct, simply "upgrading" a dedicated connection in-place is not standard practice; creating a new connection for increased bandwidth is more robust and common for dedicated Direct Connect.
Option C is incorrect: ConnectionBpsIngress and ConnectionPpsEgress are connection-level metrics, not VIF-specific, failing to pinpoint the source business unit. A 5 Gbps hosted connection is an insufficient upgrade and changes connection type, which is not ideal.
Option D is incorrect: This option incorrectly uses ConnectionBpsIngress and ConnectionPpsEgress metrics, which do not provide per-VIF data, making it impossible to identify the problematic business unit.

QUESTION 6

A retail company is running its service on AWS. The company’s architecture includes Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in public subnets. The ALB target groups are configured to send traffic to backend Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets. These backend EC2 instances can call externally hosted services over the internet by using a NAT gateway.

The company has noticed in its billing that NAT gateway usage has increased significantly. A network engineer needs to find out the source of this increased usage.

Which options can the network engineer use to investigate the traffic through the NAT gateway? (Choose two.)

A

Enable VPC flow logs on the NAT gateway's elastic network interface. Publish the logs to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query and analyze the logs.

B

Enable NAT gateway access logs. Publish the logs to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query and analyze the logs.

C

Configure Traffic Mirroring on the NAT gateway's elastic network interface. Send the traffic to an additional EC2 instance. Use tools such as tcpdump and Wireshark to query and analyze the mirrored traffic.

D

Enable VPC flow logs on the NAT gateway's elastic network interface. Publish the logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create a custom table for the S3 bucket in Amazon Athena to describe the log structure. Use Athena to query and analyze the logs.

E

Enable NAT gateway access logs. Publish the logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create a custom table for the S3 bucket in Amazon Athena to describe the log structure. Use Athena to query and analyze the logs.

Correct Option: A,D

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: Enabling VPC Flow Logs on the NAT Gateway's Elastic Network Interface captures all IP traffic details (source, destination, bytes). Publishing these logs to CloudWatch Logs allows using CloudWatch Logs Insights for powerful, real-time querying and analysis to identify the internal sources driving the increased NAT Gateway usage.

✅ Option D (Correct) Reasoning: Similar to Option A, VPC Flow Logs on the NAT Gateway's ENI provide crucial traffic information. Publishing logs to Amazon S3 and leveraging Amazon Athena for queries offers a scalable, cost-effective method to analyze large volumes of log data, pinpointing specific instances or applications contributing to the usage increase.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option B is incorrect: "NAT Gateway access logs" is not an AWS feature. VPC Flow Logs are the standard mechanism for monitoring traffic through NAT Gateways.
Option C is incorrect: Traffic Mirroring is overly complex and resource-intensive for investigating aggregate usage patterns. It provides deep packet inspection but is not the practical or recommended approach for simply identifying sources of increased NAT Gateway data transfer; Flow Logs are designed for this.
Option E is incorrect: As with Option B, "NAT Gateway access logs" do not exist as a feature in AWS.

QUESTION 7

An ecommerce company is hosting a web application on Amazon EC2 instances to handle continuously changing customer demand. The EC2 instances are part of an Auto Scaling group. The company wants to implement a solution to distribute traffic from customers to the EC2 instances. The company must encrypt all traffic at all stages between the customers and the application servers. No decryption at intermediate points is allowed.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Add an HTTPS listener to the ALB. Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the ALB's target group.

B

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure the distribution with a custom SSL/TLS certificate. Set the Auto Scaling group as the distribution's origin.

C

Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add a TCP listener to the NLB. Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the NLB's target group.

D

Create a Gateway Load Balancer (GLB). Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the GLB's target group.

Correct Option: C

✅ Option C (Correct) Reasoning: A Network Load Balancer with a TCP listener forwards traffic directly to the backend instances at Layer 4 without inspecting or terminating the SSL/TLS connection. The encryption remains end-to-end from the customer to the EC2 instance, satisfying the "no decryption at intermediate points" requirement.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option A is incorrect: An Application Load Balancer with an HTTPS listener decrypts traffic at the ALB itself, violating the "no decryption at intermediate points" rule.
Option B is incorrect: Amazon CloudFront acts as a reverse proxy and terminates the SSL/TLS connection from the client, decrypting the traffic at CloudFront before re-encrypting (if configured) to the origin.
Option D is incorrect: A Gateway Load Balancer is designed for traffic inspection appliances and operates at Layer 3, not suitable for direct web application traffic distribution with end-to-end SSL/TLS without intermediate decryption for the described scenario.

Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/nlb/introduction.html

QUESTION 8

A company has expanded its network to the AWS Cloud by using a hybrid architecture with multiple AWS accounts. The company has set up a shared AWS account for the connection to its on-premises data centers and the company offices. The workloads consist of private web-based services for internal use. These services run in different AWS accounts. Office-based employees consume these services by using a DNS name in an on-premises DNS zone that is named example.internal.

The process to register a new service that runs on AWS requires a manual and complicated change request to the internal DNS. The process involves many teams.

The company wants to update the DNS registration process by giving the service creators access that will allow them to register their DNS records. A network engineer must design a solution that will achieve this goal. The solution must maximize cost-effectiveness and must require the least possible number of configuration changes.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A

Create a record for each service in its local private hosted zone (serviceA.account1.aws.example.internal). Provide this DNS record to the employees who need access.

B

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the shared account VPC. Create a conditional forwarder for a domain named aws.example.internal on the on-premises DNS servers. Set the forwarding IP addresses to the inbound endpoint's IP addresses that were created.

C

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver rule to forward any queries made to onprem.example.internal to the on-premises DNS servers.

D

Create an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone named aws.example.internal in the shared AWS account to resolve queries for this domain.

E

Launch two Amazon EC2 instances in the shared AWS account. Install BIND on each instance. Create a DNS conditional forwarder on each BIND server to forward queries for each subdomain under aws.example.internal to the appropriate private hosted zone in each AWS account. Create a conditional forwarder for a domain named aws.example.internal on the on-premises DNS servers. Set the forwarding IP addresses to the IP addresses of the BIND servers.

F

Create a private hosted zone in the shared AWS account for each account that runs the service. Configure the private hosted zone to contain aws.example.internal in the domain (account1.aws.example.internal). Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC that runs the service and the shared account VPC.

Correct Option: A,B,F

✅ Option A (Correct) Reasoning: This allows service creators to manage their specific DNS records (e.g., serviceA.account1.aws.example.internal) directly, delegating DNS management to the service teams as required by the problem.

✅ Option B (Correct) Reasoning: An Inbound Endpoint in the shared account allows on-premises DNS servers to forward queries for AWS-hosted private domains (aws.example.internal) into the AWS Cloud, enabling hybrid resolution.

✅ Option F (Correct) Reasoning: Creating private hosted zones (e.g., account1.aws.example.internal) in the shared account and associating them with both the service VPC (in account1) and the shared account VPC enables centralized resolution. Service creators in account1 would then be granted cross-account IAM permissions to manage records within their respective account1.aws.example.internal PHZ in the shared account, fulfilling the delegation goal.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option C is incorrect: Creating a Resolver rule for onprem.example.internal is for AWS resources to resolve on-premises DNS, not the other way around, which is the problem focus.
Option D is incorrect: While creating aws.example.internal is a logical step, it alone doesn't address the multi-account delegation or on-premises resolution of specific service subdomains.
Option E is incorrect: Using custom BIND servers on EC2 instances is less cost-effective and involves more configuration and operational overhead compared to using managed Route 53 Resolver services.

QUESTION 9

An international company provides early warning about tsunamis. The company plans to use IoT devices to monitor sea waves around the world. The data that is collected by the IoT devices must reach the company’s infrastructure on AWS as quickly as possible. The company is using three operation centers around the world. Each operation center is connected to AWS through Its own AWS Direct Connect connection. Each operation center is connected to the internet through at least two upstream internet service providers.

The company has its own provider-independent (PI) address space. The IoT devices use TCP protocols for reliable transmission of the data they collect. The IoT devices have both landline and mobile internet connectivity. The infrastructure and the solution will be deployed in multiple AWS Regions. The company will use Amazon Route 53 for DNS services.

A network engineer needs to design connectivity between the IoT devices and the services that run in the AWS Cloud.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the HIGHEST availability?

A

Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with origin failover. Create an origin group for each Region where the solution is deployed.

B

Set up Route 53 latency-based routing. Add latency alias records. For the latency alias records, set the value of Evaluate Target Health to Yes.

C

Set up an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Configure Regional endpoint groups and health checks.

D

Set up Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) addresses. Use the same PI addresses for each Region where the solution is deployed.

Correct Option: B

✅ Option B (Correct) Reasoning: Route 53 latency-based routing directs IoT devices to the AWS Region with the lowest latency, fulfilling "as quickly as possible." Crucially, "Evaluate Target Health to Yes" ensures only healthy endpoints receive traffic, providing the highest availability and automatic failover across regions using the specified DNS service.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option A is incorrect: CloudFront is primarily a CDN. While it can accelerate API calls, it adds a hop and isn't the most direct or highest availability solution for raw, real-time IoT data ingestion compared to dedicated routing.
Option C is incorrect: AWS Global Accelerator offers high availability and performance via Anycast IPs and the AWS backbone. While strong, Route 53 latency-based routing with health checks is a direct, robust, and explicitly DNS-centric solution that meets the requirements without introducing a separate Anycast IP layer, leveraging the stated Route 53 usage.
Option D is incorrect: Using the same PI addresses for multiple distinct Regions without a service like Global Accelerator or complex BGP configurations for Anycast routing is problematic and does not guarantee optimal routing or highest availability.

QUESTION 10

A government contractor is designing a multi-account environment with multiple VPCs for a customer. A network security policy requires all traffic between any two VPCs to be transparently inspected by a third-party appliance.

The customer wants a solution that features AWS Transit Gateway. The setup must be highly available across multiple Availability Zones, and the solution needs to support automated failover. Furthermore, asymmetric routing is not supported by the inspection appliances.

Which combination of steps is part of a solution that meets these requirements? (Choose two.)

A

Deploy two clusters that consist of multiple appliances across multiple Availability Zones in a designated inspection VPC. Connect the inspection VPC to the transit gateway by using a VPC attachment. Create a target group, and register the appliances with the target group. Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB), and set it up to forward to the newly created target group. Configure a default route in the inspection VPCs transit gateway subnet toward the NLB.

B

Deploy two clusters that consist of multiple appliances across multiple Availability Zones in a designated inspection VPC. Connect the inspection VPC to the transit gateway by using a VPC attachment. Create a target group, and register the appliances with the target group. Create a Gateway Load Balancer, and set it up to forward to the newly created target group. Configure a default route in the inspection VPC’s transit gateway subnet toward the Gateway Load Balancer endpoint.

C

Configure two route tables on the transit gateway. Associate one route table with all the attachments of the application VPCs. Associate the other route table with the inspection VPC’s attachment. Propagate all VPC attachments into the inspection route table. Define a static default route in the application route table. Enable appliance mode on the attachment that connects the inspection VPC.

D

Configure two route tables on the transit gateway. Associate one route table with all the attachments of the application VPCs. Associate the other route table with the inspection VPCs attachment. Propagate all VPC attachments into the application route table. Define a static default route in the inspection route table. Enable appliance mode on the attachment that connects the inspection VPC.

E

Configure one route table on the transit gateway. Associate the route table with all the VPCs. Propagate all VPC attachments into the route table. Define a static default route in the route table.

Correct Option: B,C

✅ Option B (Correct) Reasoning: This step correctly describes deploying inspection appliances with a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB). GWLB is purpose-built for transparent inline inspection with Transit Gateway, supporting high availability and automated failover across multiple AZs. Routing the inspection VPC's TGW subnet to the GWLB endpoint ensures traffic is directed through the appliances.

✅ Option C (Correct) Reasoning: This outlines the essential Transit Gateway (TGW) routing configuration for centralized inspection. Two TGW route tables—one for application VPCs with a default route to the inspection VPC and one for the inspection VPC—are crucial. Propagating application routes back to the inspection route table facilitates return traffic. Enabling appliance mode on the inspection VPC attachment prevents asymmetric routing, which is critical as appliances don't support it.

❌ Why the other choices are incorrect:

Option A is incorrect: Network Load Balancer (NLB) is not designed for transparent inline inspection with Transit Gateway. It lacks the necessary integration (like GWLB endpoints) to insert third-party appliances into the TGW traffic path, making it unsuitable for this requirement.
Option D is incorrect: This option's TGW routing is flawed. Propagating all VPC attachments into the application route table would allow application VPCs to route directly to each other, bypassing inspection. The static default route is also incorrectly placed in the inspection route table instead of the application route table.
Option E is incorrect: Using a single TGW route table prevents centralized inspection. With a single route table, if application VPC routes are propagated, traffic will route directly between application VPCs, bypassing any appliance and failing to meet the security policy requirement.

QUESTION 11

A company is building its website on AWS in a single VPC. The VPC has public subnets and private subnets in two Availability Zones. The website has static content such as images. The company is using Amazon S3 to store the content.

The company has deployed a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances as web servers in a private subnet. The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The EC2 instances will serve traffic, and they must pull content from an S3 bucket to render the webpages. The company is using AWS Direct Connect with a public VIF for on-premises connectivity to the S3 bucket.

A network engineer notices that traffic between the EC2 instances and Amazon S3 is routing through a NAT gateway. As traffic increases, the company's costs are increasing. The network engineer needs to change the connectivity to reduce the NAT gateway costs that result from the traffic between the EC2 instances and Amazon S3.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create a Direct Connect private VIF. Migrate the traffic from the public VIF to the private VIF.

B

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN tunnel over the existing public VIF.

C

Implement interface VPC endpoints for Amazon S3. Update the VPC route table.

D

Implement gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3. Update the VPC route table.

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QUESTION 12

A company wants to improve visibility into its AWS environment. The AWS environment consists of multiple VPCs that are connected to a transit gateway. The transit gateway connects to an on-premises data center through an AWS Direct Connect gateway and a pair of redundant Direct Connect connections that use transit VIFs. The company must receive notification each time a new route is advertised to AWS from on premises over Direct Connect.

What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements?

A

Enable Amazon CloudWatch metrics on Direct Connect to track the received routes. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to send notifications when routes change.

B

Onboard Transit Gateway Network Manager to Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send notifications when routes change.

C

Configure an AWS Lambda function to periodically check the routes on the Direct Connect gateway and to send notifications when routes change.

D

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs on the transit VIFs to track the received routes. Create a metric filter Set an alarm on the filter to send notifications when routes change.

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QUESTION 13

A software company offers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) accounting application that is hosted in the AWS Cloud. The application requires connectivity to the company's on-premises network. The company has two redundant 10 GB AWS Direct Connect connections between AWS and its on-premises network to accommodate the growing demand for the application.

The company already has encryption between its on-premises network and the colocation. The company needs to encrypt traffic between AWS and the edge routers in the colocation within the next few months. The company must maintain its current bandwidth.

What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

A

Deploy a new public VIF with encryption on the existing Direct Connect connections. Reroute traffic through the new public VIF.

B

Create a virtual private gateway Deploy new AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from on premises to the virtual private gateway Reroute traffic from the Direct Connect private VIF to the new VPNs.

C

Deploy a new pair of 10 GB Direct Connect connections with MACsec. Configure MACsec on the edge routers. Reroute traffic to the new Direct Connect connections. Decommission the original Direct Connect connections.

D

Deploy a new pair of 10 GB Direct Connect connections with MACsec. Deploy a new public VIF on the new Direct Connect connections. Deploy two AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections on top of the new public VIF. Reroute traffic from the existing private VIF to the new Site-to-Site connections. Decommission the original Direct Connect connections.

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QUESTION 14

A media company is implementing a news website for a global audience. The website uses Amazon CloudFront as its content delivery network. The backend runs on Amazon EC2 Windows instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances are part of an Auto Scaling group. The company's customers access the website by using service example com as the CloudFront custom domain name. The CloudFront origin points to an ALB that uses service-alb.example.com as the domain name.

The company’s security policy requires the traffic to be encrypted in transit at all times between the users and the backend.

Which combination of changes must the company make to meet this security requirement? (Choose three.)

A

Create a self-signed certificate for service.example.com. Import the certificate into AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). Configure CloudFront to use this imported SSL/TLS certificate. Change the default behavior to redirect HTTP to HTTPS.

B

Create a certificate for service.example.com by using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). Configure CloudFront to use this custom SSL/TLS certificate. Change the default behavior to redirect HTTP to HTTPS.

C

Create a certificate with any domain name by using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) for the EC2 instances. Configure the backend to use this certificate for its HTTPS listener. Specify the instance target type during the creation of a new target group that uses the HTTPS protocol for its targets. Attach the existing Auto Scaling group to this new target group.

D

Create a public certificate from a third-party certificate provider with any domain name for the EC2 instances. Configure the backend to use this certificate for its HTTPS listener. Specify the instance target type during the creation of a new target group that uses the HTTPS protocol for its targets. Attach the existing Auto Scaling group to this new target group.

E

Create a certificate for service-alb.example.com by using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). On the ALB add a new HTTPS listener that uses the new target group and the service-alb.example.com ACM certificate. Modify the CloudFront origin to use the HTTPS protocol only. Delete the HTTP listener on the ALB.

F

Create a self-signed certificate for service-alb.example.com. Import the certificate into AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). On the ALB add a new HTTPS listener that uses the new target group and the imported service-alb.example.com ACM certificate. Modify the CloudFront origin to use the HTTPS protocol only. Delete the HTTP listener on the ALB.

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QUESTION 15

A company is hosting an application on Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). A solutions architect added EC2 instances in a second Availability Zone to improve the availability of the application. The solutions architect added the instances to the NLB target group.

The company's operations team notices that traffic is being routed only to the instances in the first Availability Zone.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution to resolve this issue?

A

Enable the new Availability Zone on the NLB

B

Create a new NLB for the instances in the second Availability Zone

C

Enable proxy protocol on the NLB.

D

Create a new target group with the instances in both Availability Zones

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QUESTION 16

A company is migrating two applications from its on-premises data center to AWS. Each application will be deployed to its own VPC in a separate AWS account in a single AWS Region. The company must access each application from the on-premises data center. The applications must be able to communicate directly with each other.

The data center is using the 192.168.0.0/16 CIDR block. One VPC will use the 10.0.0.0/16 CIDR block. The other VPC will use the 10.2.0.0/16 CIDR block.

A network engineer configures an AWS Direct Connect connection between the data center and the AWS accounts. The network engineer creates a Direct Connect gateway.

What should the network engineer do next to meet the requirements?

A

Create a transit VIF. Associate the transit VIF with the Direct Connect gateway. Deploy a transit gateway. Attach the two VPCs to the transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the Direct Connect gateway.

B

Create a transit VIF. Associate the transit VIF with the Direct Connect gateway. Deploy a transit gateway in one of the accounts. Share the transit gateway with the other account. Attach the two VPCs to the transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the Direct Connect gateway.

C

Create a private VIF. Associate the private VIF with the Direct Connect gateway. Deploy a transit gateway in one of the accounts. Share the transit gateway with the other account. Attach the two VPCs to the transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the Direct Connect gateway.

D

Create a private VIF. Associate the private VIF with the Direct Connect gateway. Deploy a transit gateway. Attach the two VPCs to the transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the Direct Connect gateway.

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QUESTION 17

A company has deployed a software-defined WAN (SD-WAN) solution to interconnect all of its offices. The company is migrating workloads to AWS and needs to extend its SD-WAN solution to support connectivity to these workloads.

A network engineer plans to deploy AWS Transit Gateway Connect and two SD-WAN virtual appliances to provide this connectivity. According to company policies, only a single SD-WAN virtual appliance can handle traffic from AWS workloads at a given time.

How should the network engineer configure routing to meet these requirements?

A

Add a static default route in the transit gateway route table to point to the secondary SD-WAN virtual appliance. Add routes that are more specific to point to the primary SD-WAN virtual appliance.

B

Configure the BGP community tag 7224:7300 on the primary SD-WAN virtual appliance for BGP routes toward the transit gateway.

C

Configure the AS_PATH prepend attribute on the secondary SD-WAN virtual appliance for BGP routes toward the transit gateway.

D

Disable equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing on the transit gateway for Transit Gateway Connect.

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QUESTION 18

A company has deployed a critical application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application must always be reachable on port 443 from the public internet. The application recently had an outage that resulted from an incorrect change to the EC2 security group.

A network engineer needs to automate a way to verify the network connectivity between the public internet and the EC2 instances whenever a change is made to the security group. The solution also must notify the network engineer when the change affects the connection.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Enable VPC Flow Logs on the elastic network interface of each EC2 instance to capture REJECT traffic on port 443. Publish the flow log records to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter for the log group for rejected traffic. Create an alarm to notify the network engineer.

B

Enable VPC Flow Logs on the elastic network interface of each EC2 instance to capture all traffic on port 443. Publish the flow log records to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter for the log group for all traffic. Create an alarm to notify the network engineer.

C

Create a VPC Reachability Analyzer path on port 443. Specify the security group as the source. Specify the EC2 instances as the destination. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the network engineer when a change to the security group affects the connection. Create an AWS Lambda function to start Reachability Analyzer and to publish a message to the SNS topic in case the analyses fail Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to invoke the Lambda function when a change to the security group occurs.

D

Create a VPC Reachability Analyzer path on port 443. Specify the internet gateway of the VPC as the source. Specify the EC2 instances as the destination. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the network engineer when a change to the security group affects the connection. Create an AWS Lambda function to start Reachability Analyzer and to publish a message to the SNS topic in case the analyses fail. Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to invoke the Lambda function when a change to the security group occurs.

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QUESTION 19

A network engineer is designing a hybrid architecture that uses a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the company's data center and two AWS Regions: us-east-1 and eu-west-1. The VPCs in us-east-1 are connected by a transit gateway and need to access several on-premises databases. According to company policy, only one VPC in eu-west-1 can be connected to one on-premises server. The on-premises network segments the traffic between the databases and the server.

How should the network engineer set up the Direct Connect connection to meet these requirements?

A

Create one hosted connection. Use a transit VIF to connect to the transit gateway in us-east-1. Use a private VIF to connect to the VPC in eu-west-1. Use one Direct. Connect gateway for both VIFs to route from the Direct Connect locations to the corresponding AWS Region along the path that has the lowest latency.

B

Create one hosted connection. Use a transit VIF to connect to the transit gateway in us-east-1. Use a private VIF to connect to the VPC in eu-west-1. Use two Direct Connect gateways, one for each VIF, to route from the Direct Connect locations to the corresponding AWS Region along the path that has the lowest latency.

C

Create one dedicated connection. Use a transit VIF to connect to the transit gateway in us-east-1. Use a private VIF to connect to the VPC in eu-west-1. Use one Direct Connect gateway for both VIFs to route from the Direct Connect locations to the corresponding AWS Region along the path that has the lowest latency.

D

Create one dedicated connection. Use a transit VIF to connect to the transit gateway in us-east-1. Use a private VIF to connect to the VPC in eu-west-1. Use two Direct Connect gateways, one for each VIF, to route from the Direct Connect locations to the corresponding AWS Region along the path that has the lowest latency.

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QUESTION 20

A company is planning to deploy many software-defined WAN (SD-WAN) sites. The company is using AWS Transit Gateway and has deployed a transit gateway in the required AWS Region. A network engineer needs to deploy the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance into a VPC that is connected to the transit gateway. The solution must support at least 5 Gbps of throughput from the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance to other VPCs that are attached to the transit gateway.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create a new VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance. Create two IPsec VPN connections between the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance and the transit gateway. Configure BGP over the IPsec VPN connections

B

Assign a new CIDR block to the transit gateway. Create a new VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance. Attach the new VPC to the transit gateway with a VPC attachment. Add a transit gateway Connect attachment. Create a Connect peer and specify the GRE and BGP parameters. Create a route in the appropriate VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance to route to the transit gateway.

C

Create a new VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance. Attach the new VPC to the transit gateway with a VPC attachment. Create two IPsec VPN connections between the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance and the transit gateway. Configure BGP over the IPsec VPN connections.

D

Assign a new CIDR block to the transit gateway. Create a new VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance. Attach the new VPC to the transit gateway with a VPC attachment. Add a transit gateway Connect attachment. Create a Connect peer and specify the VXLAN and BGP parameters. Create a route in the appropriate VPC for the SD-WAN hub virtual appliance to route to the transit gateway.

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QUESTION 21

A company is running multiple workloads on Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets. In a recent incident, an attacker exploited an application vulnerability on one of the EC2 instances to gain access to the instance. The company fixed the application and launched a replacement EC2 instance that contains the updated application.

The attacker used the compromised application to spread malware over the internet. The company became aware of the compromise through a notification from AWS. The company needs the ability to identify when an application that is deployed on an EC2 instance is spreading malware.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?

A

Use Amazon GuardDuty to analyze traffic patterns by inspecting DNS requests and VPC flow logs.

B

Use Amazon GuardDuty to deploy AWS managed decoy systems that are equipped with the most recent malware signatures.

C

Set up a Gateway Load Balancer. Run an intrusion detection system (IDS) appliance from AWS Marketplace on Amazon EC2 for traffic inspection.

D

Configure Amazon Inspector to perform deep packet inspection of outgoing traffic.

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QUESTION 22

A network engineer needs to update a company's hybrid network to support IPv6 for the upcoming release of a new application. The application is hosted in a VPC in the AWS Cloud. The company's current AWS infrastructure includes VPCs that are connected by a transit gateway. The transit gateway is connected to the on-premises network by AWS Direct Connect and AWS Site-to-Site VPN. The company's on-premises devices have been updated to support the new IPv6 requirements.

The company has enabled IPv6 for the existing VPC by assigning a new IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and by assigning IPv6 to the subnets for dual-stack support. The company has launched new Amazon EC2 instances for the new application in the updated subnets.

When updating the hybrid network to support IPv6 the network engineer must avoid making any changes to the current infrastructure. The network engineer also must block direct access to the instances' new IPv6 addresses from the internet. However, the network engineer must allow outbound internet access from the instances.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

A

Update the Direct Connect transit VIF and configure BGP peering with the AWS assigned IPv6 peering address. Create a new VPN connection that supports IPv6 connectivity. Add an egress-only internet gateway. Update any affected VPC security groups and route tables to provide connectivity within the VPC and between the VPC and the on-premises devices.

B

Update the Direct Connect transit VIF and configure BGP peering with the AWS assigned IPv6 peering address. Update the existing VPN connection to support IPv6 connectivity. Add an egress-only internet gateway. Update any affected VPC security groups and route tables to provide connectivity within the VPC and between the VPC and the on-premises devices.

C

Create a Direct Connect transit VIF and configure BGP peering with the AWS assigned IPv6 peering address. Create a new VPN connection that supports IPv6 connectivity. Add an egress-only internet gateway. Update any affected VPC security groups and route tables to provide connectivity within the VPC and between the VPC and the on-premises devices.

D

Create a Direct Connect transit VIF and configure BGP peering with the AWS assigned IPv6 peering address. Create a new VPN connection that supports IPv6 connectivity. Add a NAT gateway. Update any affected VPC security groups and route tables to provide connectivity within the VPC and between the VPC and the on-premises devices.

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QUESTION 23

A company recently migrated its Amazon EC2 instances to VPC private subnets to satisfy a security compliance requirement. The EC2 instances now use a NAT gateway for internet access. After the migration, some long-running database queries from private EC2 instances to a publicly accessible third-party database no longer receive responses. The database query logs reveal that the queries successfully completed after 7 minutes but that the client EC2 instances never received the response.

Which configuration change should a network engineer implement to resolve this issue?

A

Configure the NAT gateway timeout to allow connections for up to 600 seconds.

B

Enable enhanced networking on the client EC2 instances.

C

Enable TCP keepalive on the client EC2 instances with a value of less than 300 seconds.

D

Close idle TCP connections through the NAT gateway.

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QUESTION 24

A company is using Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall in a VPC to block all domains except domains that are on an approved list. The company is concerned that if DNS Firewall is unresponsive, resources in the VPC might be affected if the network cannot resolve any DNS queries. To maintain application service level agreements, the company needs DNS queries to continue to resolve even if Route 53 Resolver does not receive a response from DNS Firewall.

Which change should a network engineer implement to meet these requirements?

A

Update the DNS Firewall VPC configuration to disable fail open for the VPC.

B

Update the DNS Firewall VPC configuration to enable fail open for the VPC.

C

Create a new DHCP options set with parameter dns_firewall_fail_open=false. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

D

Create a new DHCP options set with parameter dns_firewall_fail_open=true. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

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QUESTION 25

A company has deployed a web application on AWS. The web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across multiple Availability Zones. The targets of the ALB are AWS Lambda functions. The web application also uses Amazon CloudWatch metrics for monitoring.

Users report that parts of the web application are not loading properly. A network engineer needs to troubleshoot the problem. The network engineer enables access logging for the ALB.

What should the network engineer do next to determine which errors the ALB is receiving?

A

Send the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Review the ALB logs in CloudWatch Insights to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

B

Configure the Amazon S3 bucket destination. Use Amazon Athena to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

C

Configure the Amazon S3 bucket destination. After Amazon CloudWatch Logs pulls the ALB logs from the S3 bucket automatically, review the logs in CloudWatch Logs to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

D

Send the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use the Amazon Athena CloudWatch Connector to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

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QUESTION 26

An IoT company sells hardware sensor modules that periodically send out temperature, humidity, pressure, and location data through the MQTT messaging protocol. The hardware sensor modules send this data to the company's on-premises MQTT brokers that run on Linux servers behind a load balancer. The hardware sensor modules have been hardcoded with public IP addresses to reach the brokers.

The company is growing and is acquiring customers across the world. The existing solution can no longer scale and is introducing additional latency because of the company's global presence. As a result, the company decides to migrate its entire infrastructure from on premises to the AWS Cloud. The company needs to migrate without reconfiguring the hardware sensor modules that are already deployed across the world. The solution also must minimize latency. The company migrates the MQTT brokers to run on Amazon EC2 instances.

What should the company do next to meet these requirements?

A

Place the EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Configure TCP listeners. Use Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) from the on-premises network with the NLB.

B

Place the EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Configure TCP listeners. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator in front of the NLUse Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) from the on-premises network with Global Accelerator.

C

Place the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Configure TCP listeners. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator in front of the ALB. Use Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) from the on-premises network with Global Accelerator

D

Place the EC2 instances behind an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Use Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) from the on-premises network with CloudFront.

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QUESTION 27

An Australian ecommerce company hosts all of its services in the AWS Cloud and wants to expand its customer base to the United States (US). The company is targeting the western US for the expansion.

The company’s existing AWS architecture consists of four AWS accounts with multiple VPCs deployed in the ap-southeast-2 Region. All VPCs are attached to a transit gateway in ap-southeast-2. There are dedicated VPCs for each application service. The company also has VPCs for centralized security features such as proxies, firewalls, and logging.

The company plans to duplicate the infrastructure from ap-southeast-2 to the us-west-1 Region. A network engineer must establish connectivity between the various applications in the two Regions. The solution must maximize bandwidth, minimize latency and minimize operational overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create VPN attachments between the two transit gateways. Configure the VPN attachments to use BGP routing between the two transit gateways.

B

Peer the transit gateways in each Region. Configure routing between the two transit gateways for each Region's IP addresses.

C

Create a VPN server in a VPC in each Region. Update the routing to point to the VPN servers for the IP addresses in alternate Regions.

D

Attach the VPCs in us-west-1 to the transit gateway in ap-southeast-2.

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QUESTION 28

A company is using an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection from the company's on-premises data center to a virtual private gateway in the AWS Cloud Because of congestion, the company is experiencing availability and performance issues as traffic travels across the internet before the traffic reaches AWS. A network engineer must reduce these issues for the connection as quickly as possible with minimum administration effort.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Edit the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection by enabling acceleration. Stop and start the VPN service on the customer gateway for the new setting to take effect.

B

Configure a transit gateway in the same AWS Region as the existing virtual private gateway. Create a new accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection. Connect the new connection to the transit gateway by using a VPN attachment. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Site to Site VPN connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

C

Create a new accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection. Connect the new Site-to-Site VPN connection to the existing virtual private gateway. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Site-to-Site VPN connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

D

Create a new AWS Direct Connect connection with a private VIF between the on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Direct Connect connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

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QUESTION 29

A company has created three VPCs: a production VPC, a nonproduction VPC, and a shared services VPC. The production VPC and the nonproduction VPC must each have communication with the shared services VPC. There must be no communication between the production VPC and the nonproduction VPC. A transit gateway is deployed to facilitate communication between VPCs.

Which route table configurations on the transit gateway will meet these requirements?

A

Configure a route table with the production and nonproduction VPC attachments associated with propagated routes for only the shared services VPC. Create an additional route table with only the shared services VPC attachment associated with propagated routes from the production and nonproduction VPCs.

B

Configure a route table with the production and nonproduction VPC attachments associated with propagated routes for each VPC. Create an additional route table with only the shared services VPC attachment associated with propagated routes from each VPC.

C

Configure a route table with all the VPC attachments associated with propagated routes for only the shared services VPCreate an additional route table with only the shared services VPC attachment associated with propagated routes from the production and nonproduction VPCs.

D

Configure a route table with the production and nonproduction VPC attachments associated with propagated routes disabled. Create an additional route table with only the shared services VPC attachment associated with propagated routes from the production and nonproduction VPCs.

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QUESTION 30

A company’s network engineer is designing a hybrid DNS solution for an AWS Cloud workload. Individual teams want to manage their own DNS hostnames for their applications in their development environment. The solution must integrate the application-specific hostnames with the centrally managed DNS hostnames from the on-premises network and must provide bidirectional name resolution. The solution also must minimize management overhead.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A

Use an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint.

B

Modify the DHCP options set by setting a custom DNS server value.

C

Use an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

D

Create DNS proxy servers.

E

Create Amazon Route 53 private hosted zones.

F

Set up a zone transfer between Amazon Route 53 and the on-premises DNS.

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QUESTION 31

A company has deployed an application in a VPC that uses a NAT gateway for outbound traffic to the internet. A network engineer notices a large quantity of suspicious network traffic that is traveling from the VPC over the internet to IP addresses that are included on a deny list. The network engineer must implement a solution to determine which AWS resources are generating the suspicious traffic. The solution must minimize cost and administrative overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance in the VPC. Use Traffic Mirroring by specifying the NAT gateway as the source and the EC2 instance as the destination. Analyze the captured traffic by using open-source tools to identify the AWS resources that are generating the suspicious traffic.

B

Use VPC flow logs. Launch a security information and event management (SIEM) solution in the VPC. Configure the SIEM solution to ingest the VPC flow logs. Run queries on the SIEM solution to identify the AWS resources that are generating the suspicious traffic.

C

Use VPC flow logs. Publish the flow logs to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query the flow logs to identify the AWS resources that are generating the suspicious traffic.

D

Configure the VPC to stream the network traffic directly to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Send the data from the Kinesis data stream to an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to store the data in Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to query the data to identify the AWS resources that are generating the suspicious traffic.

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QUESTION 32

A network engineer needs to standardize a company's approach to centralizing and managing interface VPC endpoints for private communication with AWS services. The company uses AWS Transit Gateway for inter-VPC connectivity between AWS accounts through a hub-and-spoke model. The company's network services team must manage all Amazon Route 53 zones and interface endpoints within a shared services AWS account. The company wants to use this centralized model to provide AWS resources with access to AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) without sending traffic over the public internet.

What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

A

In the shared services account, create an interface endpoint for AWS KMS. Modify the interface endpoint by disabling the private DNS name. Create a private hosted zone in the shared services account with an alias record that points to the interface endpoint. Associate the private hosted zone with the spoke VPCs in each AWS account.

B

In the shared services account, create an interface endpoint for AWS KMS. Modify the interface endpoint by disabling the private DNS name. Create a private hosted zone in each spoke AWS account with an alias record that points to the interface endpoint. Associate each private hosted zone with the shared services AWS account.

C

In each spoke AWS account, create an interface endpoint for AWS KMS. Modify each interface endpoint by disabling the private DNS name. Create a private hosted zone in each spoke AWS account with an alias record that points to each interface endpoint. Associate each private hosted zone with the shared services AWS account.

D

In each spoke AWS account, create an interface endpoint for AWS KMS. Modify each interface endpoint by disabling the private DNS name. Create a private hosted zone in the shared services account with an alias record that points to each interface endpoint. Associate the private hosted zone with the spoke VPCs in each AWS account.

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QUESTION 33

A company's network engineer is designing an active-passive connection to AWS from two on-premises data centers. The company has set up AWS Direct Connect connections between the on-premises data centers and AWS. From each location, the company is using a transit VIF that connects to a Direct Connect gateway that is associated with a transit gateway.

The network engineer must ensure that traffic from AWS to the data centers is routed first to the primary data center. The traffic should be routed to the failover data center only in the case of an outage.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the primary data center to 7224:7100. Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the failover data center to 7224:7300.

B

Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the primary data center to 7224:7300. Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the failover data center to 7224:7100.

C

Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the primary data center to 7224:9300. Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the failover data center to 7224:9100.

D

Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the primary data center to 7224:9100. Set the BGP community tag for all prefixes from the failover data center to 7224:9300.

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QUESTION 34

A real estate company is building an internal application so that real estate agents can upload photos and videos of various properties. The application will store these photos and videos in an Amazon S3 bucket as objects and will use Amazon DynamoDB to store corresponding metadata. The S3 bucket will be configured to publish all PUT events for new object uploads to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.

A compute cluster of Amazon EC2 instances will poll the SQS queue to find out about newly uploaded objects. The cluster will retrieve new objects, perform proprietary image and video recognition and classification update metadata in DynamoDB and replace the objects with new watermarked objects. The company does not want public IP addresses on the EC2 instances.

Which networking design solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively as application usage increases?

A

Place the EC2 instances in a public subnet. Disable the Auto-assign Public IP option while launching the EC2 instances. Create an internet gateway. Attach the internet gateway to the VPC. In the public subnet's route table, add a default route that points to the internet gateway.

B

Place the EC2 instances in a private subnet. Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet in the same Availability Zone. Create an internet gateway. Attach the internet gateway to the VPC. In the public subnet's route table, add a default route that points to the internet gateway.

C

Place the EC2 instances in a private subnet. Create an interface VPC endpoint for Amazon SQS. Create gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB.

D

Place the EC2 instances in a private subnet. Create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon SQS. Create interface VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB.

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QUESTION 35

A data analytics company has a 100-node high performance computing (HPC) cluster. The HPC cluster is for parallel data processing and is hosted in a VPC in the AWS Cloud. As part of the data processing workflow, the HPC cluster needs to perform several DNS queries to resolve and connect to Amazon RDS databases, Amazon S3 buckets, and on-premises data stores that are accessible through AWS Direct Connect. The HPC cluster can increase in size by five to seven times during the company’s peak event at the end of the year.

The company is using two Amazon EC2 instances as primary DNS servers for the VPC. The EC2 instances are configured to forward queries to the default VPC resolver for Amazon Route 53 hosted domains and to the on-premises DNS servers for other on-premises hosted domain names. The company notices job failures and finds that DNS queries from the HPC cluster nodes failed when the nodes tried to resolve RDS and S3 bucket endpoints.

Which architectural change should a network engineer implement to provide the DNS service in the MOST scalable way?

A

Scale out the DNS service by adding two additional EC2 instances in the VPC. Reconfigure half of the HPC cluster nodes to use these new DNS servers. Plan to scale out by adding additional EC2 instance-based DNS servers in the future as the HPC cluster size grows.

B

Scale up the existing EC2 instances that the company is using as DNS servers. Change the instance size to the largest possible instance size to accommodate the current DNS load and the anticipated load in the future.

C

Create Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints. Create Route 53 Resolver rules to forward queries to on-premises DNS servers for on-premises hosted domain names. Reconfigure the HPC cluster nodes to use the default VPC resolver instead of the EC2 instance-based DNS servers. Terminate the EC2 instances.

D

Create Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoints. Create rules on the on-premises DNS servers to forward queries to the default VPC resolver. Reconfigure the HPC cluster nodes to forward all DNS queries to the on-premises DNS servers. Terminate the EC2 instances.

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QUESTION 36

A company has two AWS accounts one for Production and one for Connectivity. A network engineer needs to connect the Production account VPC to a transit gateway in the Connectivity account. The feature to auto accept shared attachments is not enabled on the transit gateway.

Which set of steps should the network engineer follow in each AWS account to meet these requirements?

A

1. In the Production account: Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager for the transit gateway. Provide the Connectivity account ID. Enable the feature to allow external accounts.2. In the Connectivity account: Accept the resource.3. In the Connectivity account: Create an attachment to the VPC subnets.4. In the Production account: Accept the attachment. Associate a route table with the attachment.

B

1. In the Production account: Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager for the VPC subnets. Provide the Connectivity account ID. Enable the feature to allow external accounts.2. In the Connectivity account: Accept the resource.3. In the Production account: Create an attachment on the transit gateway to the VPC subnets.4. In the Connectivity account: Accept the attachment. Associate a route table with the attachment.

C

1. In the Connectivity account: Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager for the VPC subnets. Provide the Production account ID. Enable the feature to allow external accounts.2. In the Production account: Accept the resource.3. In the Connectivity account: Create an attachment on the transit gateway to the VPC subnets.4. In the Production account: Accept the attachment. Associate a route table with the attachment.

D

1. In the Connectivity account: Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager for the transit gateway. Provide the Production account ID Enable the feature to allow external accounts.2. In the Production account: Accept the resource.3. In the Production account: Create an attachment to the VPC subnets.4. In the Connectivity account: Accept the attachment. Associate a route table with the attachment.

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QUESTION 37

A company has hundreds of Amazon EC2 instances that are running in two production VPCs across all Availability Zones in the us-east-1 Region. The production VPCs are named VPC A and VPC

A

In the shared VPC, replace the VPC attachment with a VPN attachment. Create a VPN tunnel between the transit gateway and the firewall appliance. Configure BGP.

C

Enable transit gateway appliance mode on the VPC attachment in the shared VPC.

D

In the shared VPC, configure one VPC peering connection to VPC A and another VPC peering connection to VPC

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QUESTION 38

A company has a global network and is using transit gateways to connect AWS Regions together. The company finds that two Amazon EC2 instances in different Regions are unable to communicate with each other. A network engineer needs to troubleshoot this connectivity issue.

What should the network engineer do to meet this requirement?

A

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables and in the VPC route tables. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

B

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use AWS Firewall Manager to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

C

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

D

Use VPC Reachability Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

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QUESTION 39

A company is migrating an existing application to a new AWS account. The company will deploy the application in a single AWS Region by using one VPC and multiple Availability Zones. The application will run on Amazon EC2 instances. Each Availability Zone will have several EC2 instances. The EC2 instances will be deployed in private subnets.

The company's clients will connect to the application by using a web browser with the HTTPS protocol. Inbound connections must be distributed across the Availability Zones and EC2 instances. All connections from the same client session must be connected to the same EC2 instance. The company must provide end-to-end encryption for all connections between the clients and the application by using the application SSL certificate.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create a Network Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to TCP and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions). Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener. Set the protocol to TCP and the port to 443 for the listener. Deploy SSL certificates to the EC2 instances.

B

Create an Application Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to HTTP and the port to 80 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions) with an application-based cookie policy. Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create an HTTPS listener. Set the default action to forward to the target group. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create a certificate for the listener.

C

Create a Network Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to TLS and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions). Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener. Set the protocol to TLS and the port to 443 for the listener. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create a certificate for the application.

D

Create an Application Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to HTTPS and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions) with an application-based cookie policy. Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create an HTTP listener. Set the port to 443 for the listener. Set the default action to forward to the target group.

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QUESTION 40

A company has a hybrid cloud environment. The company’s data center is connected to the AWS Cloud by an AWS Direct Connect connection. The AWS environment includes VPCs that are connected together in a hub-and-spoke model by a transit gateway. The AWS environment has a transit VIF with a Direct Connect gateway for on-premises connectivity.

The company has a hybrid DNS model. The company has configured Amazon Route 53 Resolver endpoints in the hub VPC to allow bidirectional DNS traffic flow. The company is running a backend application in one of the VPCs.

The company uses a message-oriented architecture and employs Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to receive messages from other applications over a private network. A network engineer wants to use an interface VPC endpoint for Amazon SQS for this architecture. Client services must be able to access the endpoint service from on premises and from multiple VPCs within the company's AWS infrastructure.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to ensure that the client applications can resolve DNS for the interface endpoint? (Choose three.)

A

Create the interface endpoint for Amazon SQS with the option for private DNS names turned on.

B

Create the interface endpoint for Amazon SQS with the option for private DNS names turned off.

C

Manually create a private hosted zone for sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com. Add necessary records that point to the interface endpoint. Associate the private hosted zones with other VPCs.

D

Use the automatically created private hosted zone for sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com with previously created necessary records that point to the interface endpoint. Associate the private hosted zones with other VPCs.

E

Access the SQS endpoint by using the public DNS name sqs.us-east-1 amazonaws.com in VPCs and on premises.

F

Access the SQS endpoint by using the private DNS name of the interface endpoint .sqs.us-east-1.vpce.amazonaws.com in VPCs and on premises.

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QUESTION 41

An insurance company is planning the migration of workloads from its on-premises data center to the AWS Cloud. The company requires end-to-end domain name resolution. Bi-directional DNS resolution between AWS and the existing on-premises environments must be established. The workloads will be migrated into multiple VPCs. The workloads also have dependencies on each other, and not all the workloads will be migrated at the same time.

Which solution meets these requirements?

A

Configure a private hosted zone for each application VPC, and create the requisite records. Create a set of Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound and outbound endpoints in an egress VPC. Define Route 53 Resolver rules to forward requests for the on-premises domains to the on-premises DNS resolver. Associate the application VPC private hosted zones with the egress VPC, and share the Route 53 Resolver rules with the application accounts by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Configure the on-premises DNS servers to forward the cloud domains to the Route 53 inbound endpoints.

B

Configure a public hosted zone for each application VPC, and create the requisite records. Create a set of Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound and outbound endpoints in an egress VPC. Define Route 53 Resolver rules to forward requests for the on-premises domains to the on-premises DNS resolver. Associate the application VPC private hosted zones with the egress VPC. and share the Route 53 Resolver rules with the application accounts by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Configure the on-premises DNS servers to forward the cloud domains to the Route 53 inbound endpoints.

C

Configure a private hosted zone for each application VPC, and create the requisite records. Create a set of Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound and outbound endpoints in an egress VPDefine Route 53 Resolver rules to forward requests for the on-premises domains to the on-premises DNS resolver. Associate the application VPC private hosted zones with the egress VPand share the Route 53 Resolver rules with the application accounts by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Configure the on-premises DNS servers to forward the cloud domains to the Route 53 outbound endpoints.

D

Configure a private hosted zone for each application VPC, and create the requisite records. Create a set of Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound and outbound endpoints in an egress VPC. Define Route 53 Resolver rules to forward requests for the on-premises domains to the on-premises DNS resolver. Associate the Route 53 outbound rules with the application VPCs, and share the private hosted zones with the application accounts by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Configure the on-premises DNS servers to forward the cloud domains to the Route 53 inbound endpoints.

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QUESTION 42

A company manages resources across VPCs in multiple AWS Regions. The company needs to connect to the resources by using its internal domain name. A network engineer needs to apply the aws.example.com DNS suffix to all resources.

What must the network engineer do to meet this requirement?

A

Create an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com in each Region that has resources. Associate the private hosted zone with that Region's VPC. In the appropriate private hosted zone, create DNS records for the resources in each Region.

B

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com. Configure the private hosted zone to allow zone transfers with every VPC.

C

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for example.com. Create a single resource record for aws.example.com in the private hosted zone. Apply a multivalue answer routing policy to the record. Add all VPC resources as separate values in the routing policy.

D

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com. Associate the private hosted zone with every VPC that has resources. In the private hosted zone, create DNS records for all resources.

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QUESTION 43

A company's AWS architecture consists of several VPCs. The VPCs include a shared services VPC and several application VPCs. The company has established network connectivity from all VPCs to the on-premises DNS servers.

Applications that are deployed in the application VPCs must be able to resolve DNS for internally hosted domains on premises. The applications also must be able to resolve local VPC domain names and domains that are hosted in Amazon Route 53 private hosted zones.

What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements?

A

Create a new Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the shared services VPC. Create forwarding rules for the on-premises hosted domains. Associate the rules with the new Resolver endpoint and each application VPC. Update each application VPC's DHCP configuration to point DNS resolution to the new Resolver endpoint.

B

Create a new Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the shared services VPC. Create forwarding rules for the on-premises hosted domains. Associate the rules with the new Resolver endpoint and each application VPC.

C

Create a new Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the shared services VPC. Create forwarding rules for the on-premises hosted domains. Associate the rules with the new Resolver endpoint and each application VPC. Update each application VPC's DHCP configuration to point DNS resolution to the new Resolver endpoint.

D

Create a new Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the shared services VPC. Create forwarding rules for the on-premises hosted domains. Associate the rules with the new Resolver endpoint and each application VPC.

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QUESTION 44

A company is hosting an application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances are in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group. Because of a recent change to a security group, external users cannot access the application.

A network engineer needs to prevent this downtime from happening again. The network engineer must implement a solution that remediates noncompliant changes to security groups.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to detect inconsistencies between the desired security group configuration and the current security group configuration. Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to remediate noncompliant security groups.

B

Configure an AWS Config rule to detect inconsistencies between the desired security group configuration and the current security group configuration. Configure AWS OpsWorks for Chef to remediate noncompliant security groups.

C

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to detect inconsistencies between the desired security group configuration and the current security group configuration. Configure AWS OpsWorks for Chef to remediate noncompliant security groups.

D

Configure an AWS Config rule to detect inconsistencies between the desired security group configuration and the current security group configuration. Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to remediate noncompliant security groups.

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QUESTION 45

A company is migrating an application from on premises to AWS. The company will host the application on Amazon EC2 instances that are deployed in a single VPC. During the migration period, DNS queries from the EC2 instances must be able to resolve names of on-premises servers. The migration is expected to take 3 months. After the 3-month migration period, the resolution of on-premises servers will no longer be needed.

What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of configuration?

A

Set up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between on premises and AWS. Deploy an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the Region that is hosting the VPC.

B

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection with a private VIF. Deploy an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint and a Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the Region that is hosting the VPC.

C

Set up an AWS Client VPN connection between on premises and AWS. Deploy an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the VPC.

D

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection with a public VIF. Deploy an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the Region that is hosting the VPC. Use the IP address that is assigned to the endpoint for connectivity to the on-premises DNS servers.

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QUESTION 46

A company’s network engineer builds and tests network designs for VPCs in a development account. The company needs to monitor the changes that are made to network resources and must ensure strict compliance with network security policies. The company also needs access to the historical configurations of network resources.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A

Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule with a custom pattern to monitor the account for changes. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to identify noncompliant resources. Update an Amazon DynamoDB table with the changes that are identified.

B

Create custom metrics from Amazon CloudWatch logs. Use the metrics to invoke an AWS Lambda function to identify noncompliant resources. Update an Amazon DynamoDB table with the changes that are identified.

C

Record the current state of network resources by using AWS Config. Create rules that reflect the desired configuration settings. Set remediation for noncompliant resources.

D

Record the current state of network resources by using AWS Systems Manager Inventory. Use Systems Manager State Manager to enforce the desired configuration settings and to carry out remediation for noncompliant resources.

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QUESTION 47

A global company runs business applications in the us-east-1 Region inside a VPC. One of the company's regional offices in London uses a virtual private gateway for an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection tom the VPC. The company has configured a transit gateway and has set up peering between the VPC and other VPCs that various departments in the company use.

Employees at the London office are experiencing latency issues when they connect to the business applications.

What should a network engineer do to reduce this latency?

A

Create a new Site-to-Site VPN connection. Set the transit gateway as the target gateway. Enable acceleration on the new Site-to-Site VPN connection. Update the VPN device in the London office with the new connection details.

B

Modify the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection by setting the transit gateway as the target gateway. Enable acceleration on the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

C

Create a new transit gateway in the eu-west-2 (London) Region. Peer the new transit gateway with the existing transit gateway. Modify the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection by setting the new transit gateway as the target gateway.

D

Create a new AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has an endpoint of the Site-to-Site VPN connection. Update the VPN device in the London office with the new connection details.

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QUESTION 48

A company has deployed its AWS environment in a single AWS Region. The environment consists of a few hundred application VPCs, a shared services VPC, and a VPN connection to the company’s on-premises environment. A network engineer needs to implement a transit gateway with the following requirements:

• Application VPCs must be isolated from each other.

• Bidirectional communication must be allowed between the application VPCs and the on-premises network.

• Bidirectional communication must be allowed between the application VPCs and the shared services VPC.

The network engineer creates the transit gateway with options disabled for default route table association and default route table propagation. The network engineer also creates the VPN attachment for the on-premises network and creates the VPC attachments for the application VPCs and the shared services VPC.

The network engineer must meet all the requirements for the transit gateway by designing a solution that needs the least number of transit gateway route tables.

Which combination of actions should the network engineer perform to accomplish this goal? (Choose two.)

A

Configure a separate transit gateway route table for on premises. Associate the VPN attachment with this transit gateway route table. Propagate all application VPC attachments to this transit gateway route table.

B

Configure a separate transit gateway route table for each application VPC. Associate each application VPC attachment with its respective transit gateway route table. Propagate the shared services VPC attachment and the VPN attachment to this transit gateway route table.

C

Configure a separate transit gateway route table for all application VPCs. Associate all application VPCs with this transit gateway route table. Propagate the shared services VPC attachment and the VPN attachment to this transit gateway route table.

D

Configure a separate transit gateway route table for the shared services VPC. Associate the shared services VPC attachment with this transit gateway route table. Propagate all application VPC attachments to this transit gateway route table.

E

Configure a separate transit gateway route table for on premises and the shared services VPC. Associate the VPN attachment and the shared services VPC attachment with this transit gateway route table. Propagate all application VPC attachments to this transit gateway route table.

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QUESTION 49

A company has an AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center in the United States (US) and workloads in the us-east-1 Region. The connection uses a transit VIF to connect the data center to a transit gateway in us-east-1.

The company is opening a new office in Europe with a new on-premises data center in England. A Direct Connect connection will connect the new data center with some workloads that are running in a single VPC in the eu-west-2 Region. The company needs to connect the US data center and us-east-1 with the Europe data center and eu-west-2. A network engineer must establish full connectivity between the data centers and Regions with the lowest possible latency.

How should the network engineer design the network architecture to meet these requirements?

A

Connect the VPC in eu-west-2 with the Europe data center by using a Direct Connect gateway and a private VIF. Associate the transit gateway in us-east-1 with the same Direct Connect gateway. Enable SiteLink for the transit VIF and the private VIF.

B

Connect the VPC in eu-west-2 to a new transit gateway. Connect the Europe data center to the new transit gateway by using a Direct Connect gateway and a new transit VIF. Associate the transit gateway in us-east-1 with the same Direct Connect gateway. Enable SiteLink for both transit VIFs. Peer the two transit gateways.

C

Connect the VPC in eu-west-2 to a new transit gateway. Connect the Europe data center to the new transit gateway by using a Direct Connect gateway and a new transit VIF. Create a new Direct Connect gateway. Associate the transit gateway in us-east-1 with the new Direct Connect gateway. Enable SiteLink for both transit VIFs. Peer the two transit gateways.

D

Connect the VPC in eu-west-2 with the Europe data center by using a Direct Connect gateway and a private VIF. Create a new Direct Connect gateway. Associate the transit gateway in us-east-1 with the new Direct Connect gateway. Enable SiteLink for the transit VIF and the private VIF.

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QUESTION 50

A company needs to temporarily scale out capacity for an on-premises application and wants to deploy new servers on Amazon EC2 instances. A network engineer must design the networking solution for the connectivity and for the application on AWS.

The EC2 instances need to share data with the existing servers in the on-premises data center. The servers must not be accessible from the internet. All traffic to the internet must route through the firewall in the on-premises data center. The servers must be able to access a third-party web application.

Which configuration will meet these requirements?

A

Create a VPC that has public subnets and private subnets. Create a customer gateway. a virtual private gateway. and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet. Create a route table, and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the NAT gateway. Add routes for the data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.

B

Create a VPC that has private subnets. Create a customer gateway, a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.

C

Create a VPC that has public subnets. Create a customer gateway. a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table. and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Add routes for the on-premises data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the public subnets.

D

Create a VPC that has public subnets and private subnets. Create a customer gateway. a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table, and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add routes for the on-premises data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.

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QUESTION 51

A network engineer is evaluating a network setup for a global retail company. The company has an AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud. The company has AWS resources in the eu-west-2 Region. These resources consist of multiple VPCs that are attached to a transit gateway.

The company recently provisioned a few AWS resources in the eu-central-1 Region in a single VPC close to its users in this area. The network engineer must connect the resources in eu-central-1 with the on-premises data center and the resources in eu-west-2. The solution must minimize changes to the Direct Connect connection.

What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

A

Create a new virtual private gateway. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the VPC in eu-central-1. Use a transit VIF to connect the VPC and the Direct Connect router.

B

Create a new transit gateway in eu-central-1. Create a peering attachment request to the transit gateway in eu-west-2. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-central-1 to point to the transit gateway peering attachment. Accept the peering request. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-west-2 to point to the new transit gateway peering attachment.

C

Create a new transit gateway in eu-central-1. Use an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to peer both transit gateways. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-central-1 to point to the transit gateway VPN attachment. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-west-2 to point to the new transit gateway peering attachment.

D

Create a new virtual private gateway. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the VPC in eu-central-1. Use a public VIF to connect the VPC and the Direct Connect router.

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QUESTION 52

A company is running an online game on AWS. The game is played globally and is gaining popularity. Users are reporting problems with the game's responsiveness. Replay rates are dropping, and the company is losing subscribers. Game servers are located in the us-west-2 Region and use an Elastic Load Balancer to distribute client traffic.

The company has decided to deploy game servers to 11 additional AWS Regions to reduce the round-trip times of network traffic to game clients. A network engineer must design a DNS solution that uses Amazon Route 53 to ensure that user traffic is delivered to game servers with an optimal response time.

What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

A

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a weighted routing policy. Calculate the weight by using the number of clients in each Region.

B

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a latency routing policy. Set the Region to the Region where the Elastic Load Balancer is deployed.

C

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a multivalue answer routing policy. Test latency from the game client, and connect to the server with the best response.

D

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a geolocation routing policy. Set the location to the Region where the Elastic Load Balancer is deployed.

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QUESTION 53

A company is using a shared services VPC with two domain controllers. The domain controllers are deployed in the company's private subnets. The company is deploying a new application into a new VPC in the account. The application will be deployed onto an Amazon EC2 for Windows Server instance in the new VPC. The instance must join the existing Windows domain that is supported by the domain controllers in the shared services VPC.

A transit gateway is attached to both the shared services VPC and the new VPC. The company has updated the route tables for the transit gateway, the shared services VPC, and the new VPC. The security groups for the domain controllers and the instance are updated and allow traffic only on the ports that are necessary for domain operations. The instance is unable to join the domain that is hosted on the domain controllers.

Which combination of actions will help identify the cause of this issue with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

A

Use AWS Network Manager to perform a route analysis for the transit gateway network. Specify the existing EC2 instance as the source. Specify the first domain controller as the destination. Repeat the route analysis for the second domain controller.

B

Use port mirroring with the existing EC2 instance as the source and another EC2 instance as the target to obtain packet captures of the connection attempts.

C

Review the VPC flow logs on the shared services VPC and the new VPC.

D

Issue a ping command from one of the domain controllers to the existing EC2 instance.

E

Ensure that route propagation is turned off on the shared services VPC.

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QUESTION 54

A company hosts its IT infrastructure in an on-premises data center. The company wants to migrate the infrastructure to the AWS Cloud in phases. A network engineer wants to set up a 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection between the on-premises data center and VPCs. The company's network provider needs 3 months to provision the Direct Connect connection.

In the meantime, the network engineer implements a temporary solution by deploying an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection that terminates to a virtual private gateway. The network engineer observes that the bandwidth of the Site-to-Site VPN connection is capped at 1.25 Gbps despite a powerful customer gateway device.

What should the network engineer do to improve the VPN connection bandwidth before the implementation of the Direct Connect connection?

A

Contact AWS Support to request a bandwidth quota increase for the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

B

Discuss the issue with the hardware vendor. Buy a bigger and more powerful customer gateway device that has faster encryption and decryption capabilities.

C

Create several additional Site-to-Site VPN connections that terminate on the same virtual gateway. Configure equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing to use all the VPN connections simultaneously.

D

Create a transit gateway. Attach the VPCs to the transit gateway. Create several additional Site-to-Site VPN connections that terminate on the transit gateway. Configure equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing to use all the VPN connections simultaneously.

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QUESTION 55

A company is establishing connectivity between its on-premises site and an existing VPC on AWS to meet a new security requirement. According to the new requirement, all public DNS queries must use an on-premises DNS security solution. The company's security team has allowed an exception for the AWS service endpoints because the company is using VPC endpoints to access AWS services.

Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to configure the architecture to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

A

Create a system rule for the domain name "." (dot) with a target IP address of the on-premises DNS security solution.

B

Create a new DHCP options set that provides the IP address of the on-premises DNS security solution. Update the VPC to use this new DHCP options set.

C

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint. Associate this endpoint with the VPC.

D

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint. Associate this endpoint with the VPC.

E

Create a system rule for the domain name amazonaws.com.

F

Create a forwarding rule for the domain name "." (dot) with a target IP address of the on-premises DNS security solution.

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